Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical NeurophysiologyNov 2, 2015

Using the Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale 2 with People in Italy

Circadian Biology Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Updated Mar 28, 2026

Abstract

The Italian version of the PD sleep scale demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency with a Cronbach's α of 0.77.

The PDSS-2 showed high reliability with a test-retest correlation coefficient of 0.943.
Total PDSS-2 scores were significantly correlated with scores from other clinical assessments.
Factor analysis revealed five distinct areas of nocturnal disturbances in patients with Parkinson's Disease.
These five factors included movement-related issues, sleep quality, dreaming distress, sleep fragmentation, and insomnia symptoms.
The PDSS-2 has been validated as an effective tool for assessing sleep disturbances in Italian patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Simplified

Sleep disturbances and nocturnal disabilities are common in Parkinson's Disease (PD). The PD sleep scale, second version (PDSS-2), has been proposed as a helpful tool for measuring sleep disorders in PD. We aimed to validate the Italian version of the PDSS-2. One hundred and twenty-three consecutive PD outpatients (76 males) were evaluated by means of PDSS-2, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (self-administered scales), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating (motor section) and Hoehn and Yahr Scales, and Mini Mental State Examination. PDSS-2 internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach's α: 0.77) with significant item to total score correlation and high intra-class correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability (0.943). Total PDSS-2 score was correlated with the scores on all other clinical scales. The factor analysis identified five factors, related to five areas of nocturnal disturbances, similarly as the original PDSS-2. The five factors mainly reflected: (1) nocturnal movement-related problems, (2) quality of sleep, (3) dreaming distress, (4) fragmentation of sleep and (5) insomnia symptoms. The PDSS-2 scale has confirmed its usefulness in evaluating sleep problems in Italian PD patients.

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Using the Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale 2 with People in Italy

Abstract

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