New Developments in Pharmacological Treatment of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes—Beyond and within GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

A growing number of new agents targeting incretin hormones may show significant therapeutic potential for obesity and type 2 diabetes.

• Lifestyle changes, such as a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, are crucial for managing obesity and type 2 diabetes, but many find them difficult to sustain.
• Medication options for obesity can help reduce appetite and caloric intake.
• Incretin-based peptides interact with specific receptors to regulate insulin secretion and energy metabolism.
• GLP-1 receptor agonists have been effective, but their long-term efficacy may be limited due to receptor desensitization and downregulation.
• New therapies, including oral GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual receptor agonists, are emerging for clinical use in treating these conditions.

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