Phosphatase and tensin homolog: A potential target for therapeutic intervention in optic nerve regeneration

Suppression of phosphatase and tensin homolog is one of the most effective single-gene approaches for promoting optic nerve regeneration.

• The downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog is involved in the five key phases of optic nerve regeneration.
• During the stress response phase, this suppression enhances the survival of retinal ganglion cells and promotes microglia proliferation.
• In the nerve regeneration phase, lower levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog facilitate mitochondrial transport and promote mitophagy.
• The deletion of phosphatase and tensin homolog in the synaptic reconstruction phase affects the synthesis of proteins related to axon extension and stabilizes microglial structures.
• Knockout of phosphatase and tensin homolog during remyelination increases the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and enhances oligodendrocyte differentiation.

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