Inhibition of PRMT5 suppresses osteoclast differentiation and partially protects against ovariectomy-induced bone loss through downregulation of CXCL10 and RSAD2

Mar 18, 2017Cellular signalling

Blocking PRMT5 slows bone-breakdown cell growth and partly prevents bone loss after ovary removal by lowering CXCL10 and RSAD2 levels

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Abstract

PRMT5 was found to be upregulated during osteoclast differentiation.

Knockdown of PRMT5 in bone marrow mononuclear cells inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation.
The PRMT5 inhibitor EPZ015666 suppressed osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption.
Administration of EPZ prevented ovariectomy-induced bone loss.
Inhibition of PRMT5 decreased activation of inflammation-related pathways NF-κB and MAPK.
EPZ treatment altered the expression of several genes related to osteoclast formation, including CXCL10.
Recombinant CXCL10 partly reversed the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis caused by the PRMT5 inhibitor.

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Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an arginine methylation methyltransferase that regulates various physiological processes. Abnormal PRMT5 activity has been reported in inflammation and various types of cancers. Because osteoclast differentiation is characterized by the activation of inflammation-related pathways, we speculated that PRMT5 may play a role in this process. In the present study, we found that PRMT5 was upregulated during osteoclast differentiation. Knockdown of PRMT5 with siRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMs) resulted in inhibition of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation. Consistent with the PRMT5 knockdown results, the PRMT5 inhibitor EPZ015666 (EPZ) suppressed osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Intraperitoneal administration of EPZ prevented ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Moreover, RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK activation was inhibited by EPZ. Expression microarrays showed that the expression of several osteoclast formation-related genes was altered by EPZ treatment, including chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 10 (CXCL10). Administration of recombinant CXCL10 partially reversed the osteoclastogenesis inhibition effect of the PRMT5 inhibitor. Intriguingly, RSAD2, which is a reported antiviral protein, was apparently suppressed when PRMT5 was inhibited. Knockdown of RSAD2 with siRNA in BMMs led to inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. Subsequent ChIP-qPCR identified that both PRMT5 inhibition and knockdown resulted in decreased H3R8 or/and H4R3 methylation at CXCL10 and RSAD2 promotors. In conclusion, our study found that PRMT5 is an activator of osteoclast differentiation and inhibition of PRMT5 partially suppressed osteoclastogenesis through downregulation of CXCL10 and RSAD2.

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Inhibition of PRMT5 suppresses osteoclast differentiation and partially protects against ovariectomy-induced bone loss through downregulation of CXCL10 and RSAD2

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