Problematic smartphone use linked to poor sleep, depression, and anxiety: A review and combined analysis

Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the impact of problematic smartphone use on mental health.

• Problematic smartphone use is associated with significantly increased risks of poor sleep quality.
• There is a notable association between problematic smartphone use and higher levels of depression.
• Individuals with problematic smartphone use may experience increased anxiety.
• High heterogeneity among studies indicates variability in findings and suggests caution in interpretation.
• Methodological limitations in the studies necessitate further research to confirm these associations.

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