BMJ open

Real-time glucose monitoring's effects on blood sugar in type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin and SGLT2 or GLP-1 medicines

Updated

Abstract

Participants with type 2 diabetes may experience a difference in after 16 weeks of using the FreeStyle Libre 3 continuous glucose monitoring system.

  • The study includes adults with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes treated with basal-only insulin, SGLT-2 inhibitors, and/or GLP-1 agonists.
  • Eligible participants are randomized to receive either the FreeStyle Libre 3 or continue self-monitoring of blood glucose for 32 weeks.
  • The primary outcome measures the change in HbA1c levels from baseline after 16 weeks of treatment.
  • Secondary outcomes include HbA1c levels at 32 weeks, metrics from continuous glucose monitoring, therapy changes, physical activity levels, and psychosocial assessments.
  • An economic evaluation will assess costs and patient outcomes associated with each treatment approach.

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Funding

Competing interests

Competing interests: EGW reports personal fees from Abbott, AstraZeneca, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Embecta, Insulet, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, Ypsomed and research support from Abbott, Embecta, Insulet, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi. RA reports Institutional Research Grants and/or Honoraria/Educational Support/Consultancy from Abbott Diabetes Care, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Menarini Pharmaceuticals, NovoNordisk and Roche. PC reports personal fees from Abbott, Dexcom, Medtronic, Insulet, Roche, Novo Nordisk, Lilly, Sanofi, Vertex and Glooko. IC reports honoraria for educational and advisory board activity as well as research funding from Abbott. MLE reports personal fees from Abbott, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Pila Pharma, Zucara and research support from Abbott, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi. The University of Cambridge has received salary support for MLE from the NHS in the East of England through the Clinical Academic Reserve. AI reports research support from Dexcom Inc and honoraria from Astra Zeneca and Abbott. SK reports honoraria from Roche, Medtronic, Lilly and Boehringer Ingelheim. KBK reports research funding from Dexcom, Sanofi, Lilly, Insulet and Embecta, honoraria from Ascencia, Dexcom and Sanofi and is a founder and shareholder Spotlight-AQ. AL reports Institutional Research Grants and/or honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care, Dexcom, Insulet, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, Menarini, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi and is a chair for Diabetes Technology Network-UK and an advisory board member for the EXTOD programme. TM reports personal fees and travel grants from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Napp and Abbott. PN reports advisory board fees from Abbott, Eli Lilly and Insulet. SN reports personal fees from QUIN, Roche, Abbott Diabetes Care, Insulet and Astra Zeneca. GR reports personal fees from Abbott Diabetes Care, Sanofi Aventis and Eli Lilly. TS reports personal fees from Abbott, Rhythm Pharmaceuticals and research support from Abbott, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Novartis. HT reports consulting and speaking honoraria from Eli Lilly, Roche Diabetes and Dexcom and research support from Dexcom. TY reports research funding from AstraZeneca. LL reports personal fees from Abbott Diabetes Care, Dexcom, Insulet, Roche, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi Diabetes Care. YSC, RAE and PM report no relevant disclosures.
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