The CKGA exhibits a swelling rate of up to 1800% and demonstrates multifunctional properties suitable for wound healing.
The cryogel features an interpenetrating porous network structure and excellent mechanical properties.
In vitro and in vivo tests confirm good biocompatibility and effective absorption of wound exudates.
The cryogel rapidly stops bleeding and shows significant antibacterial effects, with an inhibition rate of over 99.9% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
CKGA cryogels effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner.
In an infected wound model, the cryogel reduces local tissue inflammation and promotes wound healing.
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BACKGROUND: Wound healing is a complex physiological process that can be roughly divided into four stages: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Conventional wound dressings often fail to meet the diverse needs of these healing stages due to their limited functionality. , however, possess several attractive properties, such as large, interconnected pores, good mechanical strength, and ease of modification, making them suitable for developing advanced dressings with multiple functions. In this study, we developed a multifunctional cryogel dressing, with biocompatible polysaccharides as the main component, designed to provide a breathable, moist, and antibacterial microenvironment for chronic infected wounds, thereby promoting wound healing.
METHODS: Recombinant keratin 31 (RK31) was combined with chitosan (CS) to produce a CS/RK31 cryogel, referred to as CK. (GA/Ag NPs) were incorporated as the active antibacterial component to create the CS/K31@GA/Ag cryogel, known as CKGA. The cryogel was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal testing machine, and its biocompatibility was assessed in vitro. The dynamic hemostatic performance of the cryogel was evaluated with a rat tail amputation bleeding model. Additionally, the antibacterial effects of the cryogel againstandwere tested using agar diffusion assays and turbidimetry. The antioxidant capacity of the CKGA cryogel was also measured in vitro. Finally, the cryogel's ability to promote wound healing was tested in an SD rat model of infected wounds. Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli
RESULTS: Characterization results showed that the CKGA cryogel features an interpenetrating porous network structure and exhibits excellent mechanical properties, with a swelling rate of up to 1800%. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that the cryogel has good biocompatibility, effectively absorbs exudates, and rapidly stops bleeding. The addition of GA/Ag NPs provided significant antibacterial effects, achieving an inhibition rate of over 99.9% against bothand. Furthermore, CKGA cryogels demonstrated a strong scavenging capacity for ROS in a dose-dependent manner. Studies using the SD rat infected wound model showed that the cryogel effectively inhibited bacterial proliferation on wound surfaces, reduced local tissue inflammation, and promoted the healing of infected wounds. S. aureus E. coli
CONCLUSION: The multifunctional cryogel, with its rapid hemostatic, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, as well as its ability to promote cell proliferation, could be widely used as a wound dressing for the healing of bacterial infections.
Key numbers
1800%
Swelling Rate
Maximum swelling rate of CKGA
99.9%
Antibacterial Efficacy
Inhibition rate against S. aureus and E. coli
96%
Wound Healing Rate
Healing rate of CKGA -treated wounds by day 14
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