Greater percentage (p = .004) and REM efficiency (p = .02) prior to trauma exposure is associated with fewer afterward.
A total of 27 healthy adults participated in the study, which involved manipulating sleep patterns over 4 nights.
Participants were divided into two groups: one experiencing circadian misalignment and the other maintaining normal sleep conditions.
After viewing a trauma film, those with higher REM sleep percentage and efficiency reported fewer intrusive memories over the following 3 days.
The findings indicate that REM sleep may play a protective role against the development of intrusive memories following trauma.
Simplified
are a common experience following trauma exposure but can develop into a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recent research has observed a relationship between sleep disturbance and intrusive memory frequency following analog trauma exposure and disruptions in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep are found to contribute to emotional dysregulation and an amplified reaction to negative emotional stimuli. The current study examined the association between prior to analog trauma and intrusive memories. To manipulate REM sleep, 27 healthy adults (MAge = 25.4, standard deviation = 2.89) were randomized to either a circadian misalignment (CM) condition or normal control (NC) condition for 4 nights. In CM, participants slept normally for 2 nights followed by a 4-hour phase advance on night 3 and an additional 4-hour phase advance on night 4. In NC, participants had 8-hour sleep opportunities each night. On day 5, participants watched a trauma film and kept an intrusive memory diary for the next 3 days. Greater REM sleep percentage (p = .004) and REM efficiency (p = .02) across 4 nights prior to analog trauma, independent of the group, were significantly associated with fewer intrusive memories in the 3 days after viewing the film. Findings suggest REM sleep may serve to protect individuals against experiencing intrusive memories. This is consistent with evidence suggesting REM sleep influences emotional memory regulation. Occupations (e.g. emergency services/military personnel) who experience circadian disruptions likely to decrease REM sleep (e.g. from shift work) may be at heightened risk of experiencing intrusive memories after trauma exposure, and thus at increased risk of developing PTSD.
Key numbers
0.73
Decrease in ( Percentage)
For every standard deviation increase in average percentage
0.79
Decrease in ( Efficiency)
For every standard deviation increase in average efficiency
0.82
Decrease in (Total Sleep Time)
For every standard deviation increase in average total sleep time
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