Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment

Sep 26, 2024Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine

Treatments for restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: a detailed review and quality assessment

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Abstract

A total of 3,631 studies were initially identified, with 148 providing suitable data for analysis.

The systematic review supports clinical practice guidelines for treating restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder.
Pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments were compared to no treatment to evaluate their effectiveness in improving patient-important outcomes.
Statistical analyses assessed the clinical significance of various interventions for both adults and children.
Evidence was graded for recommendations based on factors such as benefits, harms, patient preferences, and resource use.

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INTRODUCTION: This systematic review provides supporting evidence for the accompanying clinical practice guideline on the treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder.

METHODS: The American Academy of Sleep Medicine commissioned a task force of experts in sleep medicine. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies that compared the use of pharmacological or nonpharmacological treatment to no treatment to improve patient-important outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the clinical significance of using various interventions to treat restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder in adults and children. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation process was used to assess the evidence for making recommendations.

RESULTS: The literature search resulted in 3,631 studies out of which 148 studies provided data suitable for statistical analyses. The task force provided a detailed summary of the evidence along with the certainty of evidence, the balance of benefits and harms, patient values and preferences, and resource use considerations.

CITATION: Winkelman JW, Berkowski JA, DelRosso LM, et al. Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment.. 2025;21(1):153-199. J Clin Sleep Med

Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment

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