Effect of resveratrol on insulin action in primary myotubes from lean individuals and individuals with severe obesity

Feb 7, 2024American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism

Resveratrol's effects on insulin response in muscle cells from lean and severely obese people

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Abstract

Resveratrol (1 µM) increases insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation and glycogen synthesis in primary skeletal muscle cells from individuals with severe obesity.

Insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis and glucose oxidation were enhanced with resveratrol treatment compared to non-resveratrol conditions.
In myotubes from lean women, resveratrol increased phosphorylation of insulin signaling proteins IRS1, Akt, and TBC1D4, as well as SIRT1 content.
Myotubes derived from women with severe obesity did not show the same insulin signaling improvements in response to resveratrol.
In individuals with severe obesity, the effects of resveratrol may be linked to increased AMPK phosphorylation.
The findings suggest that resveratrol's impact on insulin action may differ based on obesity status.

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Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound contained in numerous plants, has been proposed as a treatment for obesity-related disease processes such as insulin resistance. However, in humans there are conflicting results concerning the efficacy of resveratrol in improving insulin action; the purpose of the present study was to determine whether obesity status (lean, severely obese) affects the response to resveratrol in human skeletal muscle. Primary skeletal muscle cells were derived from biopsies obtained from age-matched lean and insulin-resistant women with severe obesity and incubated with resveratrol (1 µM) for 24 h. Insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation and incorporation into glycogen, insulin signal transduction, and energy-sensitive protein targets [AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Sirt1, and PGC1α] were analyzed. Insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis, glucose oxidation, and AMPK phosphorylation increased with resveratrol incubation compared with the nonresveratrol conditions (main treatment effect for resveratrol). Resveratrol further increased IRS1, Akt, and TBC1D4 insulin-stimulated phosphorylation and SIRT1 content in myotubes from lean women, but not in women with severe obesity. Resveratrol improves insulin action in primary human skeletal myotubes derived from lean women and women with severe obesity. In women with obesity, these improvements may be associated with enhanced AMPK phosphorylation with resveratrol treatment.A physiologically relevant dose of resveratrol increases insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation and glycogen synthesis in myotubes from individuals with severe obesity. Furthermore, resveratrol improved insulin signal transduction in myotubes from lean individuals but not from individuals with obesity. Activation of AMPK plays a role in resveratrol-induced improvements in glucose metabolism in individuals with severe obesity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY

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Effect of resveratrol on insulin action in primary myotubes from lean individuals and individuals with severe obesity

Abstract

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