Resveratrol controls muscle fiber type changes through miR-22-3p and energy regulation pathways

Resveratrol increased the protein level of slow myosin heavy chain by significantly promoting muscle fiber type conversion in mouse C2C12 myotubes.

• Resveratrol significantly increased slow myosin heavy chain levels and activities of succinic dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase.
• Fast myosin heavy chain levels and lactate dehydrogenase activity were markedly decreased by resveratrol.
• Immunofluorescence staining indicated that resveratrol increased the number of slow myosin heavy chain-positive myotubes while decreasing fast myosin heavy chain-positive myotubes.
• MiR-22-3p displayed an opposing effect on muscle fiber type conversion compared to resveratrol.
• The conversion from fast-twitch to slow-twitch muscle fibers induced by resveratrol could be blocked by a specific AMPK inhibitor and miR-22-3p mimics.

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