Senescent cancer cells in immune surveillance and evasion: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Cellular senescence is characterized by long-lasting cell cycle arrest and the secretion of bioactive molecules, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

• Senescent cancer cells can enhance immune responses and promote tumor immune surveillance.
• In the tumor microenvironment, these cells may also induce immune suppression, which could facilitate tumor growth and metastasis.
• Three mechanisms exist by which the immune system recognizes and eliminates senescent cancer cells.
• Conversely, three mechanisms allow senescent cancer cells to evade immune detection.
• Cancer treatment strategies related to senescent cells include SnC-based vaccines and a combined therapy approach.

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