Senescent endothelial cells: Potential modulators of immunosenescence and ageing

Accumulation of senescent endothelial cells may be the primary cause of cardiovascular diseases.

• Endothelial cells play a role in stimulating the immune system and inflammation.
• Ageing leads to deterioration of immune cells and reduced immune response activation.
• This decline could impair the immune system's ability to eliminate damaged or senescent cells.
• Changes in Toll-like receptors and microRNAs may alter the characteristics of senescent endothelial and immune cells.
• A negative feedback loop may exist to limit excessive inflammatory responses in ageing.
• Senescent endothelial cells may influence age-related increases in inflammatory burden.

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