Sex differences in the association between chronotype and anxiety: A nationwide population study

Jan 10, 2026Journal of psychiatric research

How morning or evening preference relates to anxiety differently in men and women: A nationwide study

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Abstract

Anxiety was reported by 12.2% of women and 7.4% of men in a cohort of 2838 individuals aged 20-59 years.

  • Women exhibited a higher prevalence of anxiety compared to men.
  • The evening chronotype group had the highest anxiety prevalence at 15.3%.
  • In men, those with a morning chronotype had a significantly lower risk of anxiety than those with an intermediate chronotype.
  • No significant difference in anxiety risk was observed for evening-type men.
  • For women, chronotype did not show a significant association with anxiety.

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