The association between various dimensions of sleep parameters and mental health: A large cross-sectional study of 13554 Chinese students

🎖️ Top 10% JournalMay 13, 2023Journal of psychosomatic research

Links between different aspects of sleep and mental health in 13,554 Chinese students

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Abstract

Short sleep on school days is significantly associated with psychological problems among Chinese students aged 9-22.

Among senior high school students, sleeping less may be related to more severe distress.
The link between sleep duration and mental health appears weaker on weekends.
Students with an intermediate sleep pattern may experience greater well-being and less distress compared to those with a late sleep pattern.
Social jetlag and napping duration are associated with psychological health issues at certain educational levels.

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OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the association between multiple sleep variables and mental health among Chinese students aged 9-22.

METHOD: We stratified the included 13,554 students by educational levels. Sleep parameters contained sleep duration on school days and weekends, napping time, chronotype and social jetlag (SJL), which were calculated via questionnaires. Individual psychological well-being and distress were assessed by Warwick-Edinburgh mental Well-being scale and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale 10 respectively. The multiple linear and binary logistic regression were applied to analyze the association of sleep with mental health.

RESULTS: Short sleep on school days showed significantly positive association with psychological problems. While among senior high school students, we found reverse result that sleeping less might negatively associated with more severe distress (7-8 h: aOR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.97). The association of sleep duration with mental health was attenuated a lot on weekends. The chronotype was significantly related with mental health in primary and junior high school: intermediate chronotype (vs late chronotype) was associated with greater wellbeing (β = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.09, 1.96; β = 1.89, 95% CI: 0.81, 2.97) and less distress (aOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.60, 1.00; aOR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.91). The relationship between SJL, napping duration and psychological health problems were also observed in some educational levels.

CONCLUSION: Sleep deprivation on school days, late chronotype and SJL were positively associated with worse mental health in our study, which differed among various educational stages.

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