Systematic review of smartphone-based passive sensing for health and wellbeing

Thirty-five papers were reviewed, focusing on smartphone-based passive sensing for health and wellbeing.

• Studies included samples of up to 171 individuals, with a median sample size of 15.
• Participant populations comprised individuals with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, depression, older adults, and the general population.
• The majority of studies utilized the Android operating system and collected data from various smartphone sensors, primarily accelerometry, location, audio, and usage data.
• Data were typically processed on a remote server, with only 40% of studies sharing results with participants.
• Reported advantages of passive sensing included the ability to detect changes in status, facilitate behavior change through feedback, and enhance participant accountability.
• Challenges identified in existing studies included technical issues, methodological weaknesses, and privacy concerns.

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