Transcriptomic Analysis of Cellular Senescence: One Step Closer to Senescence Atlas

Apr 2, 2021Molecules and cells

Gene Activity Patterns in Cellular Aging: Progress Toward a Detailed Aging Map

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Longevity & Aging on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Senescent cells, which accumulate during aging, are a leading cause of aging-related decline.

Senolytics can improve aging outcomes in both humans and mice by eliminating senescent cells.
The effectiveness of senolytics varies among different cell types, indicating differences in cellular senescence.
Factors inducing cellular senescence and the rate of senescent cell accumulation differ across organs.
Current methods struggle to distinguish senescent cells from other cell types, necessitating the search for common markers.
Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing have enabled the identification of novel senescent cells lacking established markers.
Limited throughput of single-cell RNA sequencing technology highlights the need for improved methods to study rare senescent cells.

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Senescent cells that gradually accumulate during aging are one of the leading causes of aging. While senolytics can improve aging in humans as well as mice by specifically eliminating senescent cells, the effect of the senolytics varies in different cell types, suggesting variations in senescence. Various factors can induce cellular senescence, and the rate of accumulation of senescent cells differ depending on the organ. In addition, since the heterogeneity is due to the spatiotemporal context of senescent cells,studies are needed to increase the understanding of senescent cells. Since current methods are often unable to distinguish senescent cells from other cells, efforts are being made to find markers commonly expressed in senescent cells using bulk RNA-sequencing. Moreover, single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing, which analyzes the transcripts of each cell, has been utilized to understand thecharacteristics of the rare senescent cells. Recently, transcriptomic cell atlases for each organ using this technology have been published in various species. Novel senescent cells that do not express previously established marker genes have been discovered in some organs. However, there is still insufficient information on senescent cells due to the limited throughput of the scRNA sequencing technology. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the throughput of the scRNA sequencing technology or develop a way to enrich the rare senescent cells. Thesenescent cell atlas that is established using rapidly developing single-cell technologies will contribute to the precise rejuvenation by specifically removing senescent cells in each tissue and individual. in vivo in vivo in vivo

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Transcriptomic Analysis of Cellular Senescence: One Step Closer to Senescence Atlas

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