Full text is available at the source.
Trimethylamine N‐Oxide Aggravates Liver Steatosis through Modulation of Bile Acid Metabolism and Inhibition of Farnesoid X Receptor Signaling in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Trimethylamine N-Oxide worsens fatty liver by changing bile acid processing and blocking a key liver receptor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
AI simplified
Abstract
Serum levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) are positively correlated with total bile acid levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients.
- NAFLD patients exhibit markedly higher serum levels of total bile acids compared to controls.
- TMAO may impair liver function and increase triglyceride accumulation in a mouse model on a high-fat diet.
- Increased TMAO is associated with elevated hepatic expression of cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1).
- TMAO shifts bile acid composition toward species that antagonize farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activity.
- Blocking CYP7A1 or activating FXR may prevent TMAO-induced lipogenesis in liver cells.
AI simplified