Vitamin D and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mendelian Randomization Analyses in the Copenhagen Studies and UK Biobank

Jun 28, 2018The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism

Vitamin D levels linked to inflammatory bowel disease risk using genetic analysis in Copenhagen and UK populations

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Abstract

In a study of 120,013 individuals, higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with hazard ratios of 1.04 for Crohn disease and 1.13 for ulcerative colitis.

The hazard ratio for a 10 nmol/L increase in 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 1.04 for Crohn disease and 1.13 for ulcerative colitis.
A combined genetic score linked to 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels resulted in a 1.4-nmol/L increase but showed hazard ratios of 0.98 for Crohn disease and 1.01 for ulcerative colitis.
Genetically determined vitamin D levels did not appear to influence the risk of developing Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis.
Findings suggest that vitamin D deficiency may not play a significant role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease.

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CONTEXT: Vitamin D may be a modifiable risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are causally associated with risk of Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: We used a Mendelian randomization design to study 120,013 individuals from the Copenhagen City Heart Study, the Copenhagen General Population Study, and a Copenhagen-based cohort of patients with IBD. Of these, 35,558 individuals had plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements available, and 115,110 were genotyped for rs7944926 and rs11234027 in DHCR7 and rs10741657 and rs12794714 in CYP2R1, all variants associated with plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. We identified 653 cases of CD and 1265 cases of UC, of which 58 and 113, respectively, had 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements available. We also included genetic data from 408,455 individuals from the UK Biobank, including 1707 CD cases and 3147 UC cases.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Hazard ratios for higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.

RESULTS: The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for 10 nmol/L higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D level were 1.04 (95% CI: 0.93 to 1.16) for CD and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.21) for UC. A combined 25-hydroxyvitamin D allele score was associated with a 1.4-nmol/L increase in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and hazard ratios of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.94 to 1.03) for CD and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.97 to 1.05) for UC. Combining genetic data from the Copenhagen studies and the UK Biobank, genetically determined vitamin D did not appear to influence the risk of CD or UC.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not support a major role for vitamin D deficiency in the development of IBD.

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Vitamin D and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mendelian Randomization Analyses in the Copenhagen Studies and UK Biobank

Abstract

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