Anti-Obesity Effects of Germinated Brown Rice Extract through Down-Regulation of Lipogenic Genes in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Jul 14, 2012Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry

Germinated brown rice extract may reduce obesity by lowering fat-making genes in mice fed a high-fat diet

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Abstract

Germinated brown rice (GBR) administration significantly decreased body weight gain and lipid accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

GBR methanol extract showed the highest suppression of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells.
Mice on a high-fat diet with GBR exhibited reduced body weight gain compared to those on a high-fat diet alone.
Lipid accumulation in the liver and epididymal adipose tissue was significantly lower in mice receiving GBR.
Serum triglycerides and total cholesterol levels were significantly decreased, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased with GBR administration.
The levels of key genes related to fat cell formation decreased significantly with GBR, indicating reduced adipogenesis.

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Lipid accumulation using Oil Red O dye was measured in 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes to examine the anti-obesity effect of four types of germinated rice, including germinated brown rice (GBR), germinated waxy brown rice (GWBR), germinated black rice (GB-R), and germinated waxy black rice (GWB-R). GBR methanol extract exhibited the highest suppression of lipid accumulation in the 3T3-L1 cell line and also the anti-obesity effect of GBR on high fat induced-obese mice. The mice were divided into three groups and were administered: ND, a normal diet; HFD control, a high fat diet; and GBR, a high fat diet plus 0.15% GBR methanol extract for 7 weeks. GBR administration significantly decreased body weight gain and lipid accumulation in the liver and epididymal adipose tissue as compared to the HFD control group. In addition, serum triglycerides (TGs) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly decreased by following GBR administration compared with those in the HFD control group, whereas the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level increased. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of adipogenic transcriptional factors, such as CCAAT enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)-α, sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR)-γ, and related genes (aP2, FAS), decreased significantly. Taken together, GBR administration suppressed body weight gain and lipid accumulation in the liver and epididymal adipocytes, and improved serum lipid profiles, in part, by controlling adipogenesis through a reduction in transcriptional factors. These results suggest that GBR is a potential agent against obesity.

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Anti-Obesity Effects of Germinated Brown Rice Extract through Down-Regulation of Lipogenic Genes in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

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