Smart neuronutrition represents an emerging interdisciplinary field at the intersection of nutritional science, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence (AI), to enhance cognitive resilience, mental well-being, and healthy brain aging through precision dietary strategies. This review critically examined the current body of evidence on the impact of dietary patterns and nutrients on neurobiological processes involved in cognitive decline, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter imbalance, and gut-brain axis dysregulation. Neuroprotective dietary approaches, including the Mediterranean, Mediterranean dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay, DASH, and ketogenic diets, are highlighted for their anti-inflammatory effects, alongside specific nutrients- ω-3 fatty acids, B-complex vitamins, polyphenols, and microbiota-directed fibers-that have demonstrated benefits for memory, executive function, and emotional stability. Recent advancements in AI are driving the development of personalized nutrition tools that integrate multimodal data sources, including wearable biosensors, image-based dietary tracking, and machine learning models predicting cognitive trajectories. These technologies enable real-time nutrient monitoring, individualized dietary planning, and early identification of neurodegenerative risks. However, challenges remain in the validation, scalability, and generalizability of AI models, especially across diverse populations. Ethical concerns such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, and transparency further emphasize the need for careful regulation and interdisciplinary collaboration. This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of smart neuronutrition, aligning biological mechanisms with digital innovations, and proposes future research priorities. These include the development of explainable AI systems, integration of microbiome and omics data, and implementation of standardized frameworks for clinical applications. By bridging neuroscience, nutrition, and AI, smart neuronutrition has the potential to revolutionize cognitive healthcare, offering scalable, precise, and equitable strategies to combat the rising global burden of neurodegenerative disorders.
