Can we reduce autism-related gastrointestinal and behavior problems by gut microbiota based dietary modulation? A review

Jun 21, 2019Nutritional neuroscience

Can Changing Gut Bacteria with Diet Reduce Autism-Related Digestive and Behavior Issues?

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Abstract

Fourteen studies were identified that examined the link between intestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal or behavioral problems in children with autism.

High growth rates of certain bacteria and low ratios of others were generally linked to gastrointestinal problems in autism.
Specific bacterial populations were associated with behavioral disorders in children with autism.
The relationship between gastrointestinal and behavioral problems and gut microbiota in autism appears to be limited and inconsistent.
Variability in study results may stem from differences in participant age, geographical location, sample size, and methods of sample collection.
Current evidence does not support the development of a gut microbiota-based nutritional intervention for treating gastrointestinal symptoms in individuals with autism.

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Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that negatively affects a child's interaction and communication with the environment. The signals between intestine, brain, and microbiota change in autism. Altering the composition of microbiota may contribute to the development of clinical symptoms. Diet is one of the most important factors influencing intestinal microbiota.This study aimed to investigate the role of intestinal microbiota in gastrointestinal (GI) and behavioral problems seen in children with autism and discuss the potential effect of diet on intestinal microbiota in reducing these problems.The database Web of Science was searched for relevant studies. The combinations of the following terms were used for the search: 'autism' or 'autistic' and 'microbiome' or 'microbiota' or 'gut bacteria' or 'gut microbiota' or 'gut microbiome.' The analysis included human studies evaluating the relationship between GI problems and/or behavioral problems and intestinal microbiota in autism in the English language with no time limitation.The initial search resulted in 691 studies, with 14 studies fully meeting the inclusion criteria. In these studies, high growth rates of,, and; high ratio of/; and low ratio of/were generally related to GI problems, while relative abundance of,spp., andwere associated with behavior disorders.Published studies on the relationship of gastrointestinal and behavioral problems with gut microbiota in autism are very limited and contradictory. The fact that the results of the studies are not consistent with each other may be explained by the differences in the age of participants, geographical region, sample size, presence of GI problems in the selected control group, and feces or biopsy samples taken from different regions of GI system. With the available information, it is not yet possible to develop a gut microbiota-based nutritional intervention to treat GI symptoms for people with autism. Introduction: Aim: Methods: Results: Conclusions: Clostridium histolyticum C. perfringens Sutterella Escherichia Shigella Bacteroidetes Firmicutes Desulfovibrio Clostridium Bacteroides vulgatus

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Can we reduce autism-related gastrointestinal and behavior problems by gut microbiota based dietary modulation? A review

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