Autophagy–senescence interplay in kidney disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential

Autophagy and cellular senescence are linked processes that significantly impact kidney health during aging and disease.

• Autophagy helps maintain cellular integrity by breaking down damaged components and waste, which is crucial for energy balance.
• A decline in autophagic activity with age or stress may lead to an accumulation of senescent cells and chronic inflammation.
• In the kidneys, this imbalance is associated with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI).
• Senescent cells can produce substances that increase inflammation, fibrosis, and tissue changes, worsening kidney conditions.
• The interaction between reduced autophagy and increased senescence may accelerate kidney damage and hinder recovery after injury.
• New treatment options, such as autophagy enhancers and senolytics, are being explored to improve kidney function and counteract aging effects.

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