BMC primary care

Biological, psychological, and social factors linked to quality of life in long COVID patients

Updated

Abstract

Participants with long COVID had a median health-related quality of life (HRQoL) score of 28.75, compared to 73.96 for recovered controls.

  • Long COVID was associated with significantly worse HRQoL compared to those who recovered from COVID-19.
  • Individuals with long COVID reported more depressive symptoms, greater fatigue, and worse sleep quality than recovered individuals.
  • A majority of long COVID participants were unemployed, with only 38.8% employed compared to 81.2% of recovered controls.
  • Higher counts of post-COVID comorbidities were observed among long COVID cases compared to recovered participants.
  • Better HRQoL was independently linked to active employment, while depressive symptoms and post-COVID comorbidity burden were associated with poorer HRQoL.
  • Fatigue severity showed a borderline association with HRQoL impairment.

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Full Text

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Funding

Competing interests

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The ARALONGCOV project and this secondary analysis were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and were approved by the Ethics Committee for Clinical Research of Aragon (CEICA; reference PI21/278). All participants provided written informed consent before inclusion in the parent study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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