The Canadian Trial of Carbohydrates in Diabetes (CCD), a 1-y controlled trial of low-glycemic-index dietary carbohydrate in type 2 diabetes: no effect on glycated hemoglobin but reduction in C-reactive protein

Jan 8, 2008The American journal of clinical nutrition

Low-glycemic-index diet in type 2 diabetes lowers inflammation but does not change blood sugar control after one year

AI simplified

Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

A low-glycemic index (GI) diet resulted in a 30% lower C-reactive protein level compared to a high-GI diet.

Body weight and long-term glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels did not significantly differ among the high-GI, low-GI, and low-carbohydrate diets.
Fasting glucose levels were higher after 12 months on the low-GI diet, while 2-hour post-load glucose levels were lower.
The low-GI diet led to a 12% increase in overall mean triacylglycerol and a 4% decrease in HDL cholesterol compared to the low-carbohydrate diet.
The difference in the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol among the diets disappeared by 6 months.
The low-GI diet was associated with a 30% reduction in C-reactive protein compared to the high-GI diet.

AI simplified

BACKGROUND: The optimal source and amount of dietary carbohydrate for managing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are unknown.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the effects of altering the glycemic index or the amount of carbohydrate on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma glucose, lipids, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in T2DM patients.

DESIGN: Subjects with T2DM managed by diet alone (n=162) were randomly assigned to receive high-carbohydrate, high-glycemic-index (high-GI), high-carbohydrate, low-glycemic-index (low-GI), or low-carbohydrate, high-monounsaturated-fat (low-CHO) diets for 1 y.

RESULTS: The high-GI, low-GI, and low-CHO diets contained, respectively, 47%, 52%, and 39% of energy as carbohydrate and 31%, 27%, and 40% of energy as fat; they had GIs of 63, 55, and 59, respectively. Body weight and HbA1c did not differ significantly between diets. Fasting glucose was higher (P=0.041), but 2-h postload glucose was lower (P=0.010) after 12 mo of the low-GI diet. With the low-GI diet, overall mean triacylglycerol was 12% higher and HDL cholesterol 4% lower than with the low-CHO diet (P<0.05), but the difference in the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol disappeared by 6 mo (time x diet interaction, P=0.044). Overall mean CRP with the low-GI diet, 1.95 mg/L, was 30% less than that with the high-GI diet, 2.75 mg/L (P=0.0078); the concentration with the low-CHO diet, 2.35 mg/L, was intermediate.

CONCLUSIONS: In subjects with T2DM managed by diet alone with optimal glycemic control, long-term HbA1c was not affected by altering the GI or the amount of dietary carbohydrate. Differences in total:HDL cholesterol among diets had disappeared by 6 mo. However, because of sustained reductions in postprandial glucose and CRP, a low-GI diet may be preferred for the dietary management of T2DM.

Full Text

Full text is available at the source.

View full text (XML) ↗View full text ↗

The Canadian Trial of Carbohydrates in Diabetes (CCD), a 1-y controlled trial of low-glycemic-index dietary carbohydrate in type 2 diabetes: no effect on glycated hemoglobin but reduction in C-reactive protein

Abstract

Full Text

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief

Abstract

Full Text

Related papers

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief