Changpu Yujin Tang mitigates tourette syndrome by enhancing mitophagy and suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis

Sep 27, 2025Immunobiology

Changpu Yujin Tang may reduce Tourette syndrome by improving damaged mitochondria cleanup and lowering inflammation-related cell death

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Abstract

CPYJT significantly reduced stereotyped and motor behaviors in Tourette syndrome rats.

Rats in the Model group exhibited increased stereotyped and motor behaviors compared to the Control group.
CPYJT treatment attenuated neuronal cell damage and repaired mitochondrial pathology in Tourette syndrome rats.
Both CPYJT and Rapamycin enhanced a specific type of cellular cleanup process, known as mitophagy.
CPYJT treatment eliminated the buildup of harmful molecules and inhibited activation of a specific inflammatory pathway.
CPYJT counteracted the negative effects of another drug (3-MA) on cellular cleanup processes.

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BACKGROUND: Changpu Yujin Tang (CPYJT) is an effective Chinese herbal compound for treating Tourette syndrome (TS). However, its precise molecular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.

METHODS: 105 SD rats were randomly divided into the Control (n = 15) and the TS (n = 90) groups. The TS group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile. After successful modeling, the TS group was further divided into 6 subgroups (n = 15 in each group): the Model group, the Tiapride group, the CPYJT group, the Rapamycin (RAPA) group, the 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group, and the CPYJT +3-MA group, and were treated with the corresponding drugs for 4 weeks.

RESULTS: Compared with the Control group, rats in the Model group showed increased stereotyped and motor behaviors, damage to striatal neuronal cells and mitochondrial ultrastructure, decreased PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. CPYJT reduced stereotyped and motor behaviors, attenuated neuronal cell damage, and repaired mitochondrial pathology in the TS rats. Furthermore, both CPYJT and RAPA enhanced PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, eliminated ROS accumulation, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Notably, CPYJT counteracted 3-MA's inhibitory effect on PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, thereby suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis.

CONCLUSION: CPYJT inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reduces pyroptosis by enhancing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and attenuating ROS accumulation, which in turn ameliorates TS.

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Changpu Yujin Tang mitigates tourette syndrome by enhancing mitophagy and suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis

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