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Abstract
Bacterial formation of trimethylamine (TMA) has been linked to cardiovascular disease.
- Certain bacteria in the human gut may convert dietary choline and carnitine into TMA.
- Key metabolic pathways for TMA production include anaerobic choline-TMA lyase, CutC, and aerobic carnitine monooxygenase, CntA.
- Identification of these enzymes allows for the use of bioinformatics to screen bacterial genomes and gut metagenomes.
- This review highlights methods for determining which bacteria are responsible for TMA formation in the human gut.
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