Relationship between chronotype and quality of sleep in medical students at the Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil

Oct 21, 2015Sleep science (Sao Paulo, Brazil)

How Sleep Patterns Relate to Sleep Quality in Medical Students at a Brazilian University

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Abstract

Over 61% of medical students reported poor sleep quality, with 51.6% classified as having an indifferent chronotype.

A statistically significant relationship exists between chronotypes and sleep quality scores.
Higher eveningness scores are correlated with poorer sleep quality.
No significant difference was found in excessive daytime sleepiness across chronotypes.
Sex and season of birth did not show differences between chronotype classifications.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify chronotypes of medical students at the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) and its relationship to quality of sleep, daytime sleepiness, age, sex and season of birth.

METHODS: The final sample consisted of 221 students, assessed by four questionnaires: demographic questionnaire, Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality lndex (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between groups with respect to chronotypes and PSQI score (p<0.0005), but not with excessive daytime sleepiness. A significant negative correlation was found between the scores of MEQ and PSQI (rho=-0.3, p<0.0005), demonstrating that the greater the eveningness, the worse the sleep quality. It was observed that 51.6% of students were classified as indifferent chronotype, 61.5% had poor quality of sleep, while 42.1% had excessive daytime sleepiness. Sex and season at birth did not differ between chronotypes.

CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that the evening chronotype was associated with poor quality of sleep in medical students, but not with increased daytime sleepiness, with potential impairment to their academic performance and quality of life.

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Relationship between chronotype and quality of sleep in medical students at the Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil

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