Chronotype, Race, and Gender

Apr 21, 2026Journal of biological rhythms

Sleep Timing Patterns Vary by Race and Gender

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Abstract

A sample of 7,562 participants indicates that the mean chronotype of Black participants is about 20 minutes later than that of White participants.

  • Mean chronotype differs significantly between male and female participants.
  • Chronotype assessments were made using objective rest-activity measures.
  • Previous studies using questionnaires have shown inconsistent results regarding race and gender associations with chronotype.
  • The findings support earlier research that identified racial differences in chronotype.

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