Circadian medicine for aging attenuation and sleep disorders: Prospects and challenges

Dec 16, 2022Progress in neurobiology

Using body clock medicine to reduce aging effects and sleep problems: possibilities and challenges

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Abstract

Circadian disruption is directly related to age-induced health abnormalities.

Aging leads to a decline in daily rhythms of behavior and metabolism.
Core clock gene mutations are associated with premature aging and sleep irregularities.
Pharmacological interventions and time-regulated feeding may improve clock functions.
Many drugs for sleep disorders interact with the core clock machinery.
Dose-dependent manipulation of circadian rhythms has been observed with certain compounds.
Further experimental evidence from human studies is needed to advance circadian medicine.

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Aging causes progressive deterioration of daily rhythms in behavioral and metabolic processes and disruption in the regular sleep-wake cycle. Circadian disruption is directly related to diverse age-induced health abnormalities. Rising evidence from various organisms shows that core clock gene mutations cause premature aging, reduced lifespan, and sleeping irregularities. Improving the clock functions and correcting its disruption by pharmacological interventions or time-regulated feeding patterns could be a novel avenue for effective clinical management of aging and sleep disorders. To this end, many drugs for sleep disorders and anti-aging compounds interact with the core clock machinery and alter the circadian output. Evaluation of dosing time-dependency and circadian regulation of drug metabolism for therapeutic improvement of the existing drugs is another fundamental facet of chronomedicine. Multiple studies have demonstrated dose-dependent manipulation of the circadian period and phase-shifting by pharmacologically active compounds. The chronobiology research field is gradually moving towards the development of novel therapeutic strategies based on targeting the molecular clock or dosing time-oriented medications. However, such translational research ventures would require more experimental evidence from studies on humans. This review discusses the impact of circadian rhythms on aging and sleep, emphasizing the potentiality of circadian medicine in aging attenuation and sleep disorders.

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Circadian medicine for aging attenuation and sleep disorders: Prospects and challenges

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