Circadian oscillation of TNF-α gene expression regulated by clock gene, BMAL1 and CLOCK1, in the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Circadian oscillation of the TNF-α gene in medaka fish shows distinct expression patterns influenced by clock proteins.

• Medaka fish exhibit circadian oscillation in the expression of clock genes Bmal1, Clock1, and Per1.
• Structural analysis indicates that medaka BMAL1 and CLOCK1 proteins have functionally important domains similar to those in other vertebrates.
• Overexpression of Bmal1 and Clock1 in medaka embryo cells leads to increased TNF-α gene expression.
• The responsiveness of TNF-α gene expression to immune stimulation varies at different times of day, with higher expression observed at ZT18 compared to ZT10.
• Clock proteins may regulate TNF-α gene expression by targeting specific DNA sequences involved in its transcription.

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