Circadian rhythms and breast cancer: from molecular level to therapeutic advancements

📖 Top 20% JournalSep 12, 2024Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology

Body Clock Patterns and Breast Cancer: From Molecular Details to New Treatments

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Abstract

Circadian disruption is associated with increased breast cancer risk and progression.

External factors like night shift work and jet lag may disrupt circadian rhythms, influencing breast cancer development.
Key circadian genes such as CLOCK, BMAL1, PER, and CRY play distinct roles in breast cancer biology and may serve as therapeutic targets.
dysregulation could alter the tumor microenvironment, leading to chronic inflammation and promoting tumor progression.
Genetic variations in circadian genes may be linked to breast cancer susceptibility, suggesting potential for personalized risk assessments.
Innovative therapies utilizing circadian rhythms, including melatonin and chronotherapy, may enhance treatment effectiveness.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Circadian rhythms, the endogenous biological clocks that govern physiological processes, have emerged as pivotal regulators in the development and progression of breast cancer. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate interplay between circadian disruption and breast tumorigenesis from multifaceted perspectives, encompassing biological rhythms, circadian gene regulation, tumor microenvironment dynamics, and genetic polymorphisms.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Epidemiological evidence underscores the profound impact of external factors, such as night shift work, jet lag, dietary patterns, and exercise routines, on breast cancer risk and progression through the perturbation of circadian homeostasis. The review elucidates the distinct roles of key circadian genes, including CLOCK, BMAL1, PER, and CRY, in breast cancer biology, highlighting their therapeutic potential as molecular targets. Additionally, it investigates how dysregulation shapes the tumor microenvironment, fostering , chronic inflammation, and immunosuppression, thereby promoting tumor progression and metastasis. Furthermore, the review sheds light on the association between circadian gene polymorphisms and breast cancer susceptibility, paving the way for personalized risk assessment and tailored treatment strategies.

CONCLUSIONS: Importantly, it explores innovative therapeutic modalities that harness circadian rhythms, including chronotherapy, melatonin administration, and traditional Chinese medicine interventions. Overall, this comprehensive review emphasizes the critical role of circadian rhythms in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and highlights the promising prospects for the development of circadian rhythm-based interventions to enhance treatment efficacy and improve patient outcomes.

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