How Body Clocks Affect Muscle and Bone Health and Their Control by Diet and Exercise

The mammalian circadian clock influences the rhythmic expression of genes in a tissue-specific manner.

• The circadian clock consists of a central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and peripheral clocks in various tissues.
• Musculoskeletal functions exhibit diurnal variations that are regulated by the circadian clock.
• Tissue-specific circadian rhythms impact the expression of rhythmic genes in skeletal muscle and bone.
• Peripheral clocks respond not only to light signals from the SCN but also to external factors like feeding and exercise.
• Chrono-nutrition and chrono-exercise may have therapeutic potential for addressing circadian disturbances and maintaining homeostasis in skeletal muscle and bone.

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