Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Improves Quality of Life in Women with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. A Randomized Controlled Trial

May 17, 2016American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure May Improve Quality of Life in Women with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

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Abstract

CPAP therapy significantly improved quality of life in women with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea over 3 months.

Women receiving CPAP showed greater improvements in all quality of life domains measured by the Quebec Sleep Questionnaire compared to those receiving conservative treatment.
Daytime sleepiness decreased significantly in the CPAP group by an average of -2.92 points.
Mood state improved by -4.24 points in women treated with CPAP.
Anxiety and depression symptoms were reduced by -0.89 and -0.85 points, respectively, in the CPAP group.
The physical component summary score of the 12-item Short Form Health Survey improved by 2.78 points following CPAP treatment.

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RATIONALE: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the treatment of choice in patients with symptomatic obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). CPAP treatment improves quality of life (QoL) in men with OSA, but its role in women has not yet been assessed.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of CPAP on QoL in women with moderate to severe OSA.

METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial in 307 consecutive women diagnosed with moderate to severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index, ≥15) in 19 Spanish sleep units. Women were randomized to receive effective CPAP therapy (n = 151) or conservative treatment (n = 156) for 3 months. The primary endpoint was the change in QoL based on the Quebec Sleep Questionnaire. Secondary endpoints included changes in daytime sleepiness, mood state, anxiety, and depression. Data were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis with adjustment for baseline values and other relevant clinical variables.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The women in the study had a mean (SD) age of 57.1 (10.1) years and a mean (SD) Epworth Sleepiness Scale score of 9.8 (4.4), and 77.5% were postmenopausal. Compared with the control group, the CPAP group achieved a significantly greater improvement in all QoL domains of the Quebec Sleep Questionnaire (adjusted treatment effect between 0.53 and 1.33; P < 0.001 for all domains), daytime sleepiness (-2.92; P < 0.001), mood state (-4.24; P = 0.012), anxiety (-0.89; P = 0.014), depression (-0.85; P = 0.016), and the physical component summary of the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (2.78; P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONS: In women with moderate or severe OSA, 3 months of CPAP therapy improved QoL, mood state, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and daytime sleepiness compared with conservative treatment. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02047071).

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Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Improves Quality of Life in Women with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. A Randomized Controlled Trial

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