Inhibition of CYP2E1 leads to decreased malondialdehyde–acetaldehyde adduct formation in VL-17A cells under chronic alcohol exposure

Jan 29, 2013Life sciences

Blocking CYP2E1 reduces harmful molecule buildup in liver cells exposed to alcohol

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Abstract

Inhibition of CYP2E1 with 10 μM diallyl sulfide resulted in decreased oxidative stress and toxicity in chronic ethanol-treated VL-17A cells.

Chronic ethanol treatment increases the formation of acetaldehyde, malondialdehyde, and their adducts in liver cells.
Specific inhibitors of CYP2E1 and ADH significantly reduce the formation of protein aldehyde adducts.
The greatest reduction in oxidative stress and toxicity was observed with CYP2E1 inhibition.
CYP2E1 may accelerate the formation of protein aldehyde adducts, suggesting a role in alcohol-related liver injury.

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AIM: Ethanol metabolism leads to the formation of acetaldehyde and malondialdehyde. Acetaldehyde and malondialdehyde can together form malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) adducts. The role of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in the formation of MAA-adducts in liver cells has been investigated.

MAIN METHODS: Chronic ethanol treated VL-17A cells over-expressing ADH and CYP2E1 were pretreated with the specific CYP2E1 inhibitor - diallyl sulfide or ADH inhibitor - pyrazole or ADH and CYP2E1 inhibitor - 4-methyl pyrazole. Malondialdehyde, acetaldehyde or MAA-adduct formation was measured along with assays for viability, oxidative stress and apoptosis.

KEY FINDINGS: Inhibition of CYP2E1 with 10 μM diallyl sulfide or ADH with 2mM pyrazole or ADH and CYP2E1 with 5mM 4-methyl pyrazole led to decreased oxidative stress and toxicity in chronic ethanol (100 mM) treated VL-17A cells. In vitro incubation of VL-17A cell lysates with acetaldehyde and malondialdehyde generated through ethanol led to increased acetaldehyde (AA)-, malondialdehyde (MDA)-, and MAA-adduct formation. Specific inhibition of CYP2E1 or ADH and the combined inhibition of ADH and CYP2E1 greatly decreased the formation of the protein aldehyde adducts. Specific inhibition of CYP2E1 led to the greatest decrease in oxidative stress, toxicity and protein aldehyde adduct formation, implicating that CYP2E1 accelerates the formation of protein aldehyde adducts which can be an important mechanism for alcohol mediated liver injury.

SIGNIFICANCE: CYP2E1-mediated metabolism of ethanol leads to increased AA-, MDA-, and MAA-adduct formation in liver cells which may aggravate liver injury.

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Inhibition of CYP2E1 leads to decreased malondialdehyde–acetaldehyde adduct formation in VL-17A cells under chronic alcohol exposure

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