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Links between depression and three important COVID-19 outcomes
Updated
Abstract
Essence
Preexisting depression was linked to lower COVID-19 vaccination and higher odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection and in middle-aged and older Europeans.
Evidence
This observational SHARE analysis used multivariable logistic models in 31,115 participants for vaccination and about 11,100 participants each for infection and long COVID, with stronger associations at greater depression severity.
Caveat
Because this was a survey-based observational study, it cannot establish causality, and the infection and long-COVID findings still need prospective confirmation.
Simplified
Key numbers
0.72
Decrease in Vaccination Odds
Odds ratio comparing vaccinated depressed vs. non-depressed individuals
1.15
Increase in Infection Risk
Odds ratio for infection in depressed individuals
1.21
Increase in Risk
Odds ratio for developing in depressed individuals
Long Covid