Co-benefits of the EAT-Lancet diet for environmental protection in the framework of the Spanish dietary pattern

The EAT-Lancet diet requires 3056 L·person·day of water and 2.13 kgCOeq·person·day of greenhouse gas emissions, compared to 3732 L·person·day and 3.62 kgCOeq·person·day for the Spanish dietary pattern.

• The EAT-Lancet diet is associated with lower water and greenhouse gas emissions compared to the average Spanish dietary pattern.
• Starch-based products and oils and fats are major contributors to environmental impact in the EAT-Lancet diet.
• Meat and dairy are identified as the primary environmental contributors in the Spanish dietary pattern.
• High meat consumption in Spain raises sustainability concerns when compared to other European dietary patterns.
• Reducing beef and dairy consumption in Spain may align dietary habits with global environmental targets.

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