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Regulation of energy metabolism by long-chain fatty acids
How long-chain fatty acids control energy use in the body
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Abstract
Long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) may regulate energy metabolism by acting on specific receptors called peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs).
- PPAR-alpha in the liver is vital for adapting to starvation by promoting fat breakdown and ketone production while reducing energy expenditure.
- PPAR-delta, found in skeletal muscle, activates genes that help burn LCFAs during fasting and exercise, while also influencing glucose use and energy production.
- PPAR-gamma in fat cells responds to non-esterified LCFAs, promoting their storage as triglycerides and enhancing insulin sensitivity through the hormone adiponectin.
- LCFAs are also necessary for skin lipid production, which is crucial for maintaining skin barrier functions and temperature regulation.
- Disruptions in skin lipid metabolism can lead to resistance against obesity, negatively impacting skin health.
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