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Abstract
DNA methylation epigenetic clocks may offer complementary insight into heart failure prognosis.
- Standard measures like left ventricular ejection fraction do not fully reflect individual differences in heart failure status.
- Cardiopulmonary exercise testing also has limitations in assessing prognosis in heart failure patients.
- DNA methylation epigenetic clocks estimate biological age and epigenetic age acceleration.
- These clocks could provide additional information related to cardiorespiratory fitness in heart failure.
- Understanding systemic aging in heart failure may be enhanced through these epigenetic measures.
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