Evening Chronotype Associates With Worse Physical and Mental Health and Headache‐Related Disability Among Migraine Patients

Apr 10, 2025Journal of sleep research

Evening Sleep Patterns Link to Poorer Physical and Mental Health and More Headache Disability in Migraine Patients

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Abstract

Evening was associated with a higher odds ratio of 1.06 for migraine diagnosis compared to morning type controls.

Migraine patients with an evening chronotype reported worse mental and physical health compared to morning type controls.
The evening type migraine group exhibited a higher level of disability related to headaches.
Both morning and evening type migraine patients displayed similar headache symptoms.
The analysis involved a large sample from the UK Biobank, including 360,081 participants.

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Migraine has been linked to , but with mixed results. Here, we tested chronotype in association with physical and mental health and headache characteristics in a large database of migraine patients and controls. A sample of the UK Biobank (n = 360,081; 58.3% female, mean age: 56.38) was used. Data included self-reported chronotype, mental (neuroticism, depression, stress) and physical (body fat percentage, overall health rating) health factors, and migraine diagnosis based on ICD-10 G43 diagnosis from healthcare data. Morning type controls (C, n = 210,775), evening type controls (C, n = 129,174), morning type migraine patients (M, n = 12,194), and evening type migraine patients (M, n = 7938) were compared. Additionally, in a subsample of questionnaire-based migraine (n = 15,356), chronotype was tested in association with headache-related features. One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test and chi-squared test were run in SPSS 28 with Bonferroni correction. Evening chronotype was more frequent among migraine patients with an OR = 1.06, 95% CI [1.03; 1.09] compared to controls (χ = 16.523, p < 0.001). The Mgroup showed the worst level of all mental and physical health variables, while the Cgroup reported the best values. Migraine patients with morning or evening chronotype showed a highly similar headache symptom profile, but the Msubgroup expressed a higher disability (t = -3.965, p < 0.001). In conclusion, evening chronotype was associated with the worst physical and mental health status and the highest headache-related disability among migraine patients, suggesting a need for elevated medical attention on chronotype in migraine. morning evening morning evening evening morning evening2

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1.06

Odds of Evening

Odds ratio comparing evening in migraine patients vs. controls.

t = -3.965

Headache-Related Disability Increase

Statistical comparison of headache-related disability between .

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Evening Chronotype Associates With Worse Physical and Mental Health and Headache‐Related Disability Among Migraine Patients

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