FAM109B expression is significantly elevated in various tumor types, including low-grade gliomas, and is associated with poor prognosis.
FAM109B serves as an independent prognostic marker for low-grade glioma patients.
Increased levels of FAM109B correlate with aggressive tumor progression and poor patient outcomes.
Lower levels of DNA promoter methylation of FAM109B are associated with higher glioma grades.
FAM109B is significantly expressed in within the tumor microenvironment.
Expression of FAM109B is linked to gene mutations, immune checkpoints, and sensitivity to chemotherapy in low-grade gliomas.
In vivo experiments indicate that reduced FAM109B expression slows tumor growth and extends survival in mouse models.
Simplified
BACKGROUND: Family with sequence similarity 109, member B (FAM109B) is involved in endocytic transport and affects genetic variation in brain methylation. It is one of the important genes related to immune cell-associated diseases. In the tumor immune system, methylation can regulate tumor immunity and influence the maturation and functional response of immune cells. Whether FAM109B is involved in tumor progression and its correlation with the tumor immune microenvironment has not yet been disclosed.
METHODS: A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of FAM109B expression, prognosis, immunity, and TMB was conducted. The expression, clinical features, and prognostic value of FAM109B in low-grade gliomas (LGG) were evaluated using TCGA, CGGA, and Gravendeel databases. The expression of FAM109B was validated by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blotting (WB). The relationship between FAM109B and methylation, Copy Number Variation (CNV), prognosis, immune checkpoints (ICs), and common chemotherapy drug sensitivity in LGG was explored through Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier curves, and Spearman correlation analysis. FAM109B levels and their distribution were studied using the TIMER database and single-cell analysis. The potential role of FAM109B in gliomas was further investigated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
RESULTS: FAM109B was significantly elevated in various tumor types and was associated with poor prognosis. Its expression was related to aggressive progression and poor prognosis in low-grade glioma patients, serving as an independent prognostic marker for LGG. Glioma grade was negatively correlated with FAM109B DNA promoter methylation. Immune infiltration and single-cell analysis showed significant expression of FAM109B in (TAMs). The expression of FAM109B was closely related to gene mutations, immune checkpoints (ICs), and chemotherapy drugs in LGG. In vitro studies showed increased FAM109B expression in LGG, closely related to cell proliferation. In vivo studies showed that mice in the sh-FAM109B group had slower tumor growth, slower weight loss, and longer survival times.
CONCLUSIONS: FAM109B, as a novel prognostic biomarker for low-grade gliomas, exhibits specific overexpression in TAMs and may be a potential therapeutic target for LGG patients.
Key numbers
1.659
Independent Prognostic Factor Hazard Ratio
Cox regression analysis in TCGA dataset.
0.846
AUC for 1-year OS prediction
ROC curve analysis in TCGA dataset.
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FAM109B expression in LGG vs. normal tissues
Comparison of FAM109B levels using qRT-PCR.
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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article.
