Functional changes in the heart after sacubitril/valsartan use in 5 hemodialysis patients with hypertension. Case report

Nov 23, 2023CEN case reports

Heart function changes after sacubitril/valsartan treatment in 5 high blood pressure patients on dialysis

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Abstract

NT-pro-BNP levels decreased from 23,132.2 ± 16,561.3 pg/mL to 8327 ± 3334.3 pg/mL in 5 hemodialysis patients with hypertension after switching to sacubitril/valsartan.

Blood pressure post-dialysis improved from 164 ± 11/77 mmHg to 150 ± 13/72 mmHg over 6 months.
Left atrial dimension decreased from 37.7 ± 5.7 mm to 33 ± 4.9 mm following treatment.
Left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 58.2 ± 16.9% to 66.4 ± 15.0%.
Echocardiography findings indicated improvements in cardiac function sustained over the 6-month period.
No side effects such as hyperkalemia or lymphoedema were reported.

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The purpose of this report is to describe the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan in 5 hemodialysis patients with hypertension, including a patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and a patient with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) focused on the functional changes in the heart. We switched from angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) to sacubitril/valsartan and compared blood pressure post dialysis, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels and the findings of echocardiography for a period of 6 months. A month after the initiation of sacubitril/valsartan, there was improvement of symptoms and blood pressure post-dialysis, the NT-pro-BNP levels decreased from 23,132.2 ± 16,561.3 pg/mL to 8327 ± 3334.3 pg/mL, and the echocardiography findings showed a decrease in the left atrial dimension from 37.7 ± 5.7 mm to 33 ± 4.9 mm and an increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction from 58.2 ± 16.9% to 66.4 ± 15.0%. These results were sustained for up to 6 months. Also, blood pressure post-dialysis changed from 164 ± 11/77 mmHg to 150 ± 13/72 mmHg over the 6-month period. There were no side effects, such as hyperkalemia and lymphoedema. In conclusion, 5 patients had hypertension, including 2 patients with heart failure. Sacubitril/valsartan improved blood pressure post-dialysis, heart failure symptoms, NT-pro- BNP, the left atrial dimension, the left ventricular ejection fraction, and E/e', E/A found via echocardiography for a 6-months period. Treatment with sacubitril/valsartan was effective in hemodialysis patients in the cardiac function.

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Functional changes in the heart after sacubitril/valsartan use in 5 hemodialysis patients with hypertension. Case report

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