Synergistic anti-inflammatory effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and ganoderic acid A on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells by inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB activation

Significant synergistic effects were observed at a mass concentration ratio of ganoderic acid A to Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide of 1:4.

• The combination of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and ganoderic acid A inhibited the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α.
• Reactive oxygen species were also reduced more effectively when GLP-1 and GAA were used together rather than individually.
• Increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were observed with the combination treatment.
• Mitochondrial membrane potential was restored when GLP-1 and GAA were combined.
• GLP-1 and GAA may co-target the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways to exert their synergistic anti-inflammatory effects.

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