Does Gender Affect Rectal Temperature Cooling Rates? A Critically Appraised Topic

May 30, 2018Journal of sport rehabilitation

Does Gender Influence How Quickly Rectal Temperature Drops During Cooling?

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Abstract

Hyperthermic females cooled at an average rate of 0.24°C/min, which is approximately 33% faster than hyperthermic males who cooled at 0.18°C/min.

Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is defined by core temperatures exceeding 40.5°C and central nervous system dysfunction.
Cold-water immersion (CWI) is the recommended treatment for EHS to rapidly reduce body temperature.
The average cooling rate for hyperthermic females was 0.24°C/min, compared to 0.18°C/min for males.
Higher body surface area to mass ratios in females may contribute to faster cooling rates.
CWI has been shown to effectively lower body temperature in all EHS victims, regardless of gender.

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Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a medical emergency characterized by body core temperatures >40.5°C and central nervous system dysfunction. An EHS diagnosis should be immediately followed by cold-water immersion (CWI). Ideally, EHS victims cool at a rate >0.15°C/min until their temperature reaches 38.9°C. While generally accepted, these EHS treatment recommendations often stem from research that examined only males. Since gender differences exist in anthropomorphics (eg, body surface area, lean body mass) and anthropomorphics impact CWI cooling rates, it is possible that CWI cooling rates may differ between genders.Do CWI rectal temperature () cooling rates differ between hyperthermic males and females?The averagecooling rate across all examined studies for males and females was 0.18 (0.05) and 0.24 (0.03)°C/min, respectively. Hyperthermic females cooled ∼33% faster than males.Hyperthermic females cooled faster than males, most likely because of higher body surface area to mass ratios and less lean body mass. Regardless of gender, CWI is highly effective at lowering. Clinicians must be able to treat all EHS victims, regardless of gender, with CWI, given its high survival rate when implemented appropriately.Moderate evidence (2 level 3 studies) suggests that females cool faster than males when treated with CWI following severe hyperthermia. Despite gender differences, cooling rates exceeded cooling rate recommendations for EHS victims (ie, 0.15°C/min).: Clinical Scenario: Clinical Question T: Summary of Findings T: Clinical Bottom Line T: Strength of Recommendation rec rec rec

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Does Gender Affect Rectal Temperature Cooling Rates? A Critically Appraised Topic

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