Diabetes careApr 13, 2026

Possible benefits of GIP hormone in type 2 diabetes and obesity

GLP-1 Therapies Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Updated Apr 14, 2026

Abstract

Tirzepatide is a dual incretin receptor agonist that targets both the GLP-1 and GIP receptors.

The clinical effects of tirzepatide may not be fully attributed to either GIPR or GLP-1R actions individually.
GIPR agonism has gained renewed interest due to the potency of tirzepatide.
Current discussions focus on how GIPR activity could enhance the development of new diabetes and obesity treatments.
Future applications of GIPR agonists and antagonists are being explored for their potential in metabolic pharmacology.

Simplified

Incretin-based pharmacology has revolutionized the medical treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. The most effective drug to date is tirzepatide, a dual incretin receptor agonist that engages both the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR). While the relative contributions of GIPR and GLP-1R actions to the clinical effects of tirzepatide have not been established, the potency of this agent has reignited interest in the clinical potential of GIPR agonism. Here, we discuss incretin biology as it relates to metabolic pharmacology and contextualize the mechanisms by which GIPR activity could contribute to the development of new and effective drugs. We explore current and future applications of GIPR agonists and antagonists, to underscore the potential that this signaling system could add to treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.

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Possible benefits of GIP hormone in type 2 diabetes and obesity

Abstract

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