Long‐Term Glucagon‐Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Use Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Thyroid Cancer in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Nov 3, 2025Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews

Long-Term Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Drugs Is Not Linked to Higher Thyroid Cancer Risk in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

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Abstract

In a cohort of 89,646 adults with type 2 diabetes, long-term use of GLP-1 receptor agonists was not associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer.

  • GLP-1 receptor agonists did not increase thyroid cancer risk compared to other diabetes medications.
  • The median follow-up period for participants was 4.5 years.
  • GLP-1 receptor agonists were linked to a greater reduction in HbA1c levels.
  • Results were consistent across various subgroups such as sex, age, and obesity status.
  • Negative control outcomes showed no significant changes related to GLP-1 receptor agonist use.

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Key numbers

0.949
No Increased Risk of Thyroid Cancer
Hazard ratio for thyroid cancer risk with vs. insulin
89,646
Cohort Size
Total number of adults with included in the study
4.5 years
Median Follow-Up Duration
Median follow-up time for participants

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