The association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and suicidality: reports to the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)

Dec 13, 2023Expert opinion on drug safety

Reports linking diabetes drugs called GLP-1 receptor agonists to suicidal thoughts and behaviors

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Abstract

Disproportionate reporting of suicidal ideation and 'depression/suicidal' was observed with semaglutide and liraglutide.

Reports of suicidal thoughts and self-injury associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been noted.
Data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System indicated a significant reporting odds ratio for suicidal ideation with semaglutide and liraglutide.
No significant reporting was found for suicidal behavior, suicide attempts, or completed suicides related to any FDA-approved GLP-1 RAs.
Applying the Bradford Hill criteria suggests there is no causal link between GLP-1 RAs and suicidality when considering confounding factors.

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INTRODUCTION: Recently, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) received reports of suicidal thoughts and self-injury associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) liraglutide and semaglutide.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Herein, we sought to evaluate suicidality associated with all GLP-1 RAs relative to other glucose-lowering agents currently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Reports of suicidal ideation, "depression/suicidal", suicidal behavior, suicidal attempts, and completed suicide associated with GLP-1 RA exposure reported to the FDA between 2005 and October 2023 were obtained from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). We present data using the reporting odds ratio (ROR). The ROR was considered significant when the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) was greater than 1.0.

RESULTS: Disproportionate reporting of suicidal ideation and "depression/suicidal" was observed with semaglutide and liraglutide. Disproportionate reporting of suicidal behavior, suicide attempts, and completed suicide was not observed for any of the FDA-approved GLP-1 RAs.

CONCLUSIONS: Using the Bradford Hill criteria, however, and taking into consideration confounders, no causal link between GLP-1 RAs and suicidality exists.

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The association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and suicidality: reports to the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)

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