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Glutamatergic clock output stimulates melatonin synthesis at night
Excitatory brain signals from the body clock boost melatonin production at night
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Abstract
A temporary shutdown of neuronal activity in the SCN or PVN decreased melatonin levels in the rat pineal gland.
- Melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland is regulated by the biological clock located in the SCN.
- Previous findings indicated that the SCN exerts an inhibitory effect on melatonin synthesis during the day.
- A recent lesion study suggested a stimulatory output from the biological clock affecting melatonin levels.
- Blocking neuronal activity in the SCN or PVN during the night resulted in reduced melatonin release.
- Application of a glutamate antagonist in the PVN significantly decreased melatonin release, indicating its role in melatonin synthesis.
- Overall, both SCN and PVN neuronal activities are necessary for melatonin production during the dark period.
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