Diabetes, obesity & metabolismJun 3, 2017

Differences and factors influencing blood sugar responses after 24 weeks of twice-daily versus once-weekly exenatide treatment

GLP-1 Therapies Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗OA ↗

Updated Apr 6, 2026

Abstract

Among 2355 participants, the change in glycated haemoglobin () after 24 weeks ranged from -0.3% to -3.6% depending on the regimen.

Baseline HbA1c levels correlated with changes in HbA1c (P < .0001).
twice daily showed a change in HbA1c from -0.3% to -3.2%, while exenatide once weekly ranged from -0.5% to -3.6%.
Older age and Asian ethnicity were associated with higher responses to exenatide twice daily.
No specific factors were significantly linked to response for exenatide once weekly.
These findings may help estimate the likelihood of achieving HbA1c goals based on individual baseline levels.

Simplified

The range of glycated haemoglobin () responses and characteristics associated with above-average response to twice daily and once weekly were examined. Data were pooled from 8 exenatide-twice-daily and 5 exenatide-once-weekly studies. A baseline HbA1c-corrected measure of change in HbA1c after 24 weeks identified high, average and low responses. Multiple linear regression and multivariate generalized estimating equation models identified factors associated with high response. Among 2355 participants (exenatide twice daily, n = 1414; exenatide once weekly, n = 941), baseline HbA1c correlated with change in HbA1c (P < .0001). Across baseline HbA1c levels, the 25th to 75th percentile of HbA1c change ranged from -0.3% to -3.2% with exenatide twice daily and from -0.5% to -3.6% with exenatide once weekly. Asian ethnicity and older age were significantly associated with high response to exenatide twice daily; no factors were significantly associated with response to exenatide once weekly. These data provide clinically useful information for estimating the likelihood that, depending on baseline HbA1c, an individual can achieve HbA1c goals. The association between Asian ethnicity, age and high response to exenatide twice daily may relate to the specific effects of exenatide twice daily on postprandial glucose.

Key numbers

-0.3% to -3.2%

Change Range ( Twice Daily)

25th to 75th percentile of change after 24 weeks

2.1×

Increased Odds for Asian Participants

Odds of being in the high-responder tertile compared to non-Asian participants

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Funding

Competing interests

J. E. S. has received honoraria for advisory boards and lectures from AstraZeneca, BGP Products, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. B. G. has received honoraria for advisory boards and lectures from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. J. H. is a consultant for AstraZeneca. E. H. is an employee of AstraZeneca. G. S. has received honoraria for advisory boards and lectures from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Takeda.

PubMed

Differences and factors influencing blood sugar responses after 24 weeks of twice-daily versus once-weekly exenatide treatment

Abstract

Key numbers

Full Text

Funding

Competing interests

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Abstract

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Full Text

Funding

Competing interests

Related papers

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