Gut-related memory T cells as main drivers of brain inflammation through the gut-brain connection

The gut-brain axis is a communication network linking gut microbiota and the central nervous system, influencing neuroinflammation.

• Memory T cells play a crucial role in adaptive immunity and undergo significant changes in the gut environment.
• The gut microbiota influences the characteristics and behavior of memory T cell subsets.
• Molecular mimicry, bystander activation, and persistent epigenetic changes are mechanisms through which memory T cells contribute to neuroinflammation.
• Diagnostic approaches include profiling gut microbiota, phenotyping memory T cells, and identifying gut-brain axis-specific biomarkers.
• Current therapeutic strategies focus on modifying the gut microbiota and targeting memory T cells to address neuroinflammatory disorders.

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